拟声波反演技术在南黄海烟台坳陷碳封存储层预测中的应用

Application of pseudo-acoustic waveform inversion technique in predicting CO2 storage reservoirs in the Yantai Depression, South Yellow Sea

  • 摘要: 二氧化碳地质封存可固碳减排,是推进达成碳中和目标的关键途径。南黄海盆地烟台坳陷分布的新生界砂岩储层发育条件良好,碳封存潜力显著。因研究区砂泥岩波阻抗重叠严重、地层非均质性强且薄互层广泛发育,传统地震储层预测方法难以有效区分岩性及识别储层边界。本文基于二维地震数据与钻井资料,通过岩石物理分析选取敏感参数,采用拟声波反演技术提高砂泥岩预测准确性,初步揭示了新生界砂岩储层在纵向和横向的分布规律。研究表明,拟声波反演技术有效解决了波阻抗与岩性对应关系差的问题,显著提升了岩性预测精度;反演结果表明,研究区纵向上发育四套储层,物性、厚度各有差异,下盐城组为厚度最厚、物性最优的主力储层,厚度100~180 m、孔隙度约25%、渗透率最高可达216.36×10−3μm2;三垛组、戴南组和阜宁组储层厚度相对较薄,也具有一定储存潜力;储层横向呈北优南劣格局,北部储层厚度大于60 m、砂地比大于75%,蓬莱凹陷储层最佳,栖霞凹陷次之,海阳凹陷储层发育条件较差。研究结果为烟台坳陷碳封存选址提供了依据。

     

    Abstract: Carbon dioxide geological storage can reduce emissions and sequester carbon and is a key approach to achieving carbon neutrality goals. The Cenozoic sandstone reservoirs distributed in the Yantai Depression of the South Yellow Sea Basin have good development conditions and significant carbon storage potential. Due to the severe overlap of wave impedance between sandstone and mudstone, strong stratigraphic heterogeneity, and widespread thin interbedding in the Yantai Depression, traditional seismic reservoir prediction methods struggle in effectively identifying rock types and reservoir boundaries. Based on 2D seismic and drilling data, petrophysical analysis and seismic inversion were conducted, for which pseudo-acoustic inversion technology was adopted to improve the accuracy of sandstone and mudstone recognition, and reveal preliminarily the vertical and horizontal distribution patterns of the Cenozoic sandstone reservoirs. Results shows that pseudo-acoustic inversion technology could effectively solve the problem of poor correspondence between wave impedance and lithology, and improved significantly the accuracy of lithology recognition. The inversion results indicate that four sets of reservoirs are developed vertically in the study area with varying physical properties and thicknesses. The Lower Yancheng Formation (Miocene) is the main reservoir with the largest thickness and best physical properties, while the reservoirs of the Sanduo Formation (Oligocene), Dainan Formation (Eocene), and Funing Formation (Paleocene) are relatively thinner but also have certain storage potential. Horizontally, the reservoirs exhibit superiority in pattern in the north and inferiority in the south, with the best reservoirs in the Lower Yancheng Formation in the Penglai Sag in the north, followed by the Qixia Sag in the middle, and the poorer reservoir development conditions in the Haiyang Sag in the south. This research provided a basis for site selection for carbon storage in the Yantai Depression.

     

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